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Glossary

Term	Definition
B/L	(Bill of Lading) A document signed by the carrier which acts as a Contract of Affreightment, a receipt and evidence of title to the cargo. Hits: 486
BACKLETTER	Where a seller/shipper issues a 'letter of indemnity' in favour of the carrier in exchange for a clean bill of lading Hits: 532
BAF	Bunker Adjustment Factor. A Fuel Surcharge expressed as a percentage added or subtracted from the freight amount, reflecting the movement in the market place price for bunkers. Hits: 508
BALE CAP.	Cubic capacity of a vessels holds to carry packaged dry cargo such as bales/pallets Hits: 590
BALLAST	Heavy weight, often sea water, necessary for the stability and safety of a ship which is not carrying cargo Hits: 512
BALLAST BONUS	Compensation for relatively long ballast voyage Hits: 474
BAREBOAT CHTR.	Bareboat Charter - Owners lease a specific ship and control its technical management and commercial operations only. Charterers take over all responsibility for the operation of the vessel and expenses for the duration. Hits: 426
BBB	Before Breaking Bulk. Refers to freight payments that must be received before discharge of a vessel commences Hits: 550
BDI	Both Dates Inclusive Hits: 485
BEAM	The maximum breadth or the greatest width of a ship Hits: 559
BENDS	Both Ends (Load & Discharge Ports) Hits: 527
BI	Both Inclusive Hits: 531
BIMCO	The Baltic and International Maritime Council Hits: 488
BL	Bale Hits: 623
BM	Beam Hits: 548

IFA offers services that cover efficiently any need for transport by sea or by land, from machinery to complete 'hi-tech, from food to chemicals.

IFA has been operating since 1982 in the field of international shipping has always been pursuing a business strategy that focuses on the development of the service the client's business.